ultrametric value

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• Ultrametric space — In mathematics, an ultrametric space is a special kind of metric space in which the triangle inequality is replaced with d(x, z) ≤ max{d(x, y), d(y, z)}. Sometimes the associated metric is also called a non Archimedean metric or super metric.… …   Wikipedia

• Absolute value (algebra) — In mathematics, an absolute value is a function which measures the size of elements in a field or integral domain. More precisely, if D is an integral domain, then an absolute value is any mapping | thinsp; sdot; thinsp;| from D to the real… …   Wikipedia

• Absolute value — For the philosophical term, see Value (ethics). For the Akrobatik album, see Absolute Value (album). In mathematics, the absolute value (or modulus) |a| of a real number a is the numerical value of a without regard to its sign. So, for example,… …   Wikipedia

• Algebraic number field — In mathematics, an algebraic number field (or simply number field) F is a finite (and hence algebraic) field extension of the field of rational numbers Q. Thus F is a field that contains Q and has finite dimension when considered as a vector… …   Wikipedia

• Archimedean property — In abstract algebra and analysis, the Archimedean property, named after the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes of Syracuse, is a property held by some ordered or normed groups, fields, and other algebraic structures. Roughly speaking, it is… …   Wikipedia

• Local field — In mathematics, a local field is a special type of field that is a locally compact topological field with respect to a non discrete topology.[1] Given such a field, an absolute value can be defined on it. There are two basic types of local field …   Wikipedia

• Valuation ring — In abstract algebra, a valuation ring is an integral domain D such that for every element x of its field of fractions F , at least one of x or x 1 belongs to D .Given a field F , if D is a subring of F such that either x or x 1 belongs to D for… …   Wikipedia

• Metric (mathematics) — In mathematics, a metric or distance function is a function which defines a distance between elements of a set. A set with a metric is called a metric space. A metric induces a topology on a set but not all topologies can be generated by a metric …   Wikipedia

• Distance matrices in phylogeny — Distance matrices are used in phylogeny as non parametric distance methods were originally applied to phenetic data using a matrix of pairwise distances. These distances are then reconciled to produce a tree (a phylogram, with informative branch… …   Wikipedia

• Phylogenetic comparative methods — When applied to comparative data, conventional statistical methods assume, in effect, that all species are completely unrelated. As if they descended from a big bang of special creation. Such a scenario can be depicted as a star phylogeny (left) …   Wikipedia

• Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics) — Parsimony is a non parametric statistical method commonly used in computational phylogenetics for estimating phylogenies. Under parsimony, the preferred phylogenetic tree is the tree that requires the least evolutionary change to explain some… …   Wikipedia